Digital Forensics - Top 10 Challenges

Introductionassociated with this step-change.
The ability of criminals and terrorists to maximise theTherefore, developing solutions that are fully scalable,
opportunities offered by new technology issupporting capability and user expansion / contraction
constantly evolving. Burying incriminating data withinthrough modularised technology is essential as these
the increasing storage capacity of PCs and laptopscan be designed to scale up to a PetaByte of
presents the police and security forces with new andstorage from the start and can be further increased
demanding challenges; challenges that areif required. There is no theoretical limit on the number
exacerbated by the very short space of time inof users that can be hosted.
which examinations of seized assets can take place.In addition, as the majority of forensic applications
Through experience gained delivering solutions acrossare served, thin-clients can be deployed within
the UK Security & Resilience community,minutes anywhere, with the full set of forensic tools
Andrew Nanson presents the Top 10 challenges thatrequired for any investigation.
organisations are likely to face when implementing5. Malware protection
digital forensics solutions.One of the biggest issues for forensic laboratories is
1. Storageunknown malware. To understand what an
When each suspect can store over 10 terabytes ofunidentified piece of software can do, analysts
information on home equipment, a forensic laboratorysometimes need to reverse engineer it, or execute it
must be able to cope with the uploading, retentionand monitor what it does. If it transpires to be
and manipulation of that data. It's no longer viable tounknown malware, there is the potential of corrupting
rely on local storage for each analyst.the entire forensic laboratory and calling into doubt
Centralised-storage is becoming a necessity.the integrity of the environment used to produce
To address this issue, we have looked at theevidence.
advantages offered by Fibre-Channel storage for theEven the best anti-virus programmes only mitigate
initial uploading and subsequent retention of data.known risks and attack-vectors. Therefore, a series
Fibre-Channel storage is fast, reliable and supportsof security-enforcing functions should always be built
very high levels of input-output for multiplethat are invisible to the user and enable forensic
applications and intensive processes, such as indexing.analysts to examine unknown code without risk to
This is ideal for forensic laboratories that mustthe integrity of the forensic laboratory.
perform to timescales and can't afford for their6. Accreditation
capability to fail.The high profile data losses of recent years have
In addition, we believe it is advisable to complementpropelled the issue of information assurance to the
the Fibre-Channel storage with very large amounts oftop of the political agenda. Having devised secure
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)systems for the most sensitive parts of UK
storage. SATA is cheap and reliable. By providing bothGovernment, we have the experience to create a
Fibre-Channel and SATA disk storage, it is possible tosolution that complies with HMG Manual of Protective
balance the real needs of a forensic laboratory, atSecurity, as well as JSP440. The security enforcing
the best possible price.functions mitigate against high confidentiality, integrity
The solution has been proven working alongsideand availability requirements.
forensic-analysts using real data at a ListX facility in7. System Integration
Bristol.Forensic laboratories are normally isolated technical
2. Backup / archiveunits that use an air-gap between themselves and
Forensic laboratories are often now scaled to hold upthe main desktop infrastructure. A solution can include
to one PetaByte of online storage. We have devisedsecure and reliable integration methods that enable
a manageable solution that guarantees against loss oforganisations to transfer data safely, between
data. Furthermore, it does this without impacting oncorporate systems and laboratories. This is based on
the performance of a system; a system that has todevising methods to bring multiple sources of
be operational 24/7/365.information together, to provide a seamless system
By taking a 'snapshot' of the data before it's sent tothat meets accreditation requirements, as well as
offline media, the performance of the live storage isextends the information available to users.
never degraded. This provides the users and the8. Support
business with what it needs: a system withoutIt is unacceptable for forensic laboratories to require
planned downtime.a high level of maintenance. Specialist understand this
3. Application performanceand have created a solution based on Commercial
The effectiveness of forensic laboratories is oftenOff The Shelf (COTS) products, which means clients
down to the performance of the applications that areare not tied into any supplier for long-term support,
used by the forensic analysts. This is either becausesince the skills required are readily available.
the applications donot yet take advantage of modern9. Longevity
hardware, or because the nature of their function isThe rapid development of information technology and
such that they will never perform as quickly as thethe ability of criminals and terrorists to use them to
business would like. To address this issue, VEGA cantheir advantage, demands that any digital forensic
devise solutions that allows the most intensivesolution is able to evolve quickly and with minimum
forensic applications to be served fromdisruption. We work with leading forensic application
powerful-servers. This enables applications to operateproviders to ensure that we understand how best to
with as little 'lag' as possible.improve capability for users now and in the future.
By providing multiple variables of the same application,Solutions should take account of the latest hardware
forensic analysts can initiate multiple actions from ain production, software development, and the
single workstation. This results in greatly increasedever-increasing burden on forensic analysts and that
productivity, removing 'dead-time' where analystsof the business. This long-term planning and
may have traditionally had to wait hours beforeinvestment demonstrates our commitment to this
undertaking other activities.field.
4. Scalability10. Ensuring best value-for-money
All technology solutions have their limits, oftenAs public sector budgets come under increasing
requiring a step-change in hardware or software topressure, and expenditure faces intense scrutiny,
expand or contract. This can be a prohibitive factor inorganisations must ensure investment in IT provides
gradual expansion of capabilities due to the costvalue-for-money.