The Origins and Importance of Main Courses

For those influenced by European culture, the mainfollowed by desserts (secundae).
course, (known sometimes as the entrée inThe Romans introduced this dining method into Gaul
North America [but not elsewhere]) is typically the(now France) and by the Middle Ages it had become
most important course of the day's most importantstandard practice in French cuisine to divide formal
meal.meals into different and successive courses. As
In a European-style formal meal the main course isFrench cooking methods pervaded the courts of
the primary or featured dish on the menu of aEurope this formal eating system became the
multi-course formal meal. Typically the main course isepitome of dining and forms the basis for our formal
the most complex and substantive dish on the menudining systems even today. If should be noted,
and typically features meat or game with vegetablehowever, that the entrée (literally entrance)
and starch accompaniments.was the starter or appetizer in formal French dining
In formal dining the preceding courses act as a wayand this is the sense in which this word is used
of preparing for and leading up to the main courseeverywhere but North America even today.
which is considered to be the gastronomic apex ofBelow is a classic Roman Primae Mensae recipe for:
the meal. The succeeding courses are intended toPork Chops with Sauce
calm the stomach an the senses after the mainIngredients
event.750g pork chops
In restaurant dining the main course is typically100ml white wine
preceded by a light appetizer a soup or a salad and4 tbsp liquamen (fish sauce, use Thai fish sauce)
followed by a dessert or a cheese course. However,4 tbsp water or broth
a structured formal meal can contain many more4 tbsp cider vinegar
courses than this. An example might be a fruit course4 tbsp olive oil
followed by a soup then a salad, a fish course, theMethod:
main course, a sorbet then the dessert then aHeat a frying pan, add a little oil and cook the pork
cheese course and finally coffee.chops until they are nearly done. Set the chops aside
Extended dining was probably developed by theand clean the pan.
Etruscans and from there the practice travelled toAdd the remainder of the ingredients to the cleaned
Greece. However, it was the Romans who beganpan and place the chops in the liquid. Bring this to the
splitting this extended dining experience into separateboil and continue cooking the chops, turning them
courses and it was they who first introduced theoccasionally, until they are done. Place the chops on a
main course (the Primae Mensae in Latin) which wasthe plate and cover with the sauce.
preceded by several starter recipes (gustatio) andServe with steamed leeks and fried squash.