Cell Immune

The finger pointing has been intense since the oil started spewing out of the floor of the Gulf these past several weeks. The Republicans are blaming Obama, Obama is blaming BP, and it goes on and on (for purely political motivations of course). First I'd like to say the blame is squarely on the oil company. It was and is their responsibility, period. How is Obama to blame, really? Why do people think the President of the United States is all powerful, like he can go into a phone booth and come out with a cape and superpowers? He has no answer, he is only the president. What about other parts of the government? Who has the expertise, the Army Corp of Engineers? I laugh. They have proven their...

King Solomon's Death was ordinary in the Bible: In the Bible (King James Version), all of the following kings had died normally and the Bible used the verb "slept" referring to their ordinary death. 1 Kings 2:10 10] So David slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David. 2 Chronicles 9:31 31] And Solomon slept with his fathers, and he was buried in the city of David his father: 1 Kings 11:43 43] And Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David his father: 2 Chronicles 12:16 16] And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David: 2 Chronicles 14:1 1] So Abijah slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the city of David: 2 Chronicles 27...

Busy are the city dwellers, busier are the road side fast food. At the current over crowding industrial age people seldom find time to cook healthy food. They opt for the road side restaurants. People pay for the under cooked food and eat it with standing ovation Now the big question is "How safe are these road side food courts?" Awareness about the threats posed by unsafe food is an essential prerequisite to healthy food habits. Unsafe food harbors harmful pathogens which can cause infection in our digestive system and lead to a minor enteric infection to fatal food poisoning. Let us go ahead and see in detail about the ill effects caused by unsafe and unhygienic food material. To start with let us...

According to Ezekiel 19:3, the Bible mentions a horrible story; a woman cooked her son and ate him. When the king heard such a he tore his robes.  The Bible talks about a lioness mother; she brought up one of her cubs, he became a strong lion. He learned to tear the prey, and he ate people. This lioness mother is the mother of the princes of Israel or the mother of the leaders of Israel. This lioness mother and her cub are not found in the Quran. ================================   Cannibalism in the Bible (5):   Ezekiel 19:3   New International Version She brought up one of her cubs, and he became a strong lion. He learned to tear the prey and he devoured men.   New American Standard Bible When...

Before dealing with the topic of the Bees in Quran versus Bible versus sciences, it is mandatory to give some statistical hints. The total words in the Bible are 788,280 while total words in the Quran are 77,473. It follows that, the Bible is more than 10 times the Quran word-wise. In other words, the Bible has the potential of more than 10 times than the Quran to exhibit its topics. Back to the bees, they are mentioned four times in the Bible and once in the Quran. Bees in the Bible Danger of their attacks The Bible is talking about the danger of the attacks by bees Deuteronomy 1:44 "And the Amorites who dwelt in that mountain came out against you and chased you as bees do, and drove you back...

The Middle verse in chapter (31) of the Old Testament talks about Jacob did not let his father in law kiss the sons and daughters. The Middle verse in chapter (31) of the New Testament gives the names of some of Jesus' disciples. The Middle verse in chapter (31) of the Noble Quran talks about Luqman's advices to his son. He said: O my son! 1) Perform the prescribed prayer, 2) enjoin decency and what is just, 3) forbid indecency and what is wrong and 4) be patient through whatever may befall you, as a result of such enjoining and forbidding. Truly that, which is mentioned, is true constancy, in other words, that is one of those necessary things regarding which one must have firm resolve. Luqman...

The Navel, also called a belly button, umbilicus is a scar on the abdomen, caused when the umbilical cord is removed from a newborn baby. In humans, the scar can appear as a depression ("innie") or as a protrusion ("outie"). About 90% of people have a depression, or an innie, with the other 10% have a protruding belly button, or an outie. Navels vary in size, shape, depth, and overall look. Fashion especially in Western countries exploits the Navel through clothing that leaves part of the lower abdomen bare. The acceptance the phenomenon of Navel display the phenomenon in Western society is becoming common among young women. However, Barbara Eden in the 1960s was not allowed to show her Navel on...

God in Bible versus Allah in Quran-4   The Lord God says that the moon will shine like the sun and the light of the moon shall be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun shall be sevenfold, seven times brighter, as the light of seven full days. Any student in a secondary school knows that this is a big scientific mistake! The moon is like the sun? Do you smart reader think that the Almighty Creator, who has created the moon and the sun, says that? Nevertheless, when these signs will happen? In the day that Jehovah binds up the bruises and the hurt of his people, and heals the stroke of their wound that he has inflicted.   In addition, the Bible describes some prominent characteristic of...

Microbiologists are supposed to identify the flora obtained from environmental samples, and it is not limited to clean room environments. In this article, I am going to focus on bacteria identification solely. There are several methods of bacteria identification available, which can be classified into two large groups: the phenotypic group and the genotypic group. The phenotypic group includes: - Biochemical tests - Biotyping - Serotyping - Phagetyping - Antimicrobial susceptibility - Multi-Locus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) - Electrophoretic protein typing and immunoblotting - Gas Chromatography of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester The genotypic group includes: - Plasmid typing - Restriction Enzyme Analysis...

A primitive microscope was invented in 1590 in Middelburg, Netherlands, by the eyeglass makers Hans Lippershey, Zacharias Jansen and his father Hans Jansen. Further, Galileo Galilei improved the instrument by using a set of aligned lenses and called it "occhiolino", what means "little eye". In 1625, Giovanni Faber named Galileo Galilei's "occhiolino" as a compound microscope and this name remains until today. The optical microscope, the most common type of microscope, contains several parts with specific functions. Observe the picture and find their functions. 1. Eyepiece: contains the ocular lens, which provides a magnification power of 10x to 15x, usually. This is where you look through. 2...

The term "probiotics" derives from greek and it was first introduced in 1953 by Kollath. In opposition to "antibiotics", probiotics means "for life" and was first defined as living organisms which beneficially affects the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. Today, probiotics are considered to be dietary supplements of live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer potential health benefits on the host, not only on intestine. In order to a microorganism to be considered a probiotic, the bacteria must be: non-pathogenic, adhere to intestinal cells, stable in gastric juice and bile, capable of reproducing itself, producing acids, hydrogen peroxide and...

Human Physiology could be one of the core courses in your academic career. How can you learn it fast and learn it well? Simple answer: "Rapid Learning". Rapid Learning? Yes, it could be your learning edge to ace this course. Rapid Learning = Rich Media + Smart Teaching Rich Media: Human Physiology is a visual science. Naturally, it is easier to learn it visually with rich media. Smart Teaching: Human Physiology is all about understanding the functions of human organs. Relate them to problem solving (i.e. your exam questions). Smart teaching provides the learning of the core concepts and their interconnections, and applies such the understanding to answer questions and solve problems. To learn...

Human Anatomy and Physiology could be one of the most important courses in your college career, so learn it the right way. How? Two Words – "Rapid Learning". Rapid Learning? Yes, it could be your learning edge to ace this course. Rapid Learning = Rich Media + Smart Teaching Rich Media: Human Anatomy and Physiology is a visual science. Naturally, it is easier to learn it visually with rich media. Smart Teaching: Human Anatomy and Physiology is all about understanding the human systems at the organ level and cellular level. Relate them to problem solving (i.e. your exam questions). Smart teaching provides the learning of the core concepts and their interconnections, and applies such the...

Hand washing A Tribute to Semmelweis Legacy Dr.T.V.Rao MD Ignaz Philip Semmelweis (1818-1867) championed the importance of hand washing among the medical professional. Yet there is no other procedure which is simple and cost effective in preventing the spread of infections in hospital environment. It is utmost important duty of every medical, paramedical and nursing staff to educate, promote and monitor hand washing. Inspite of more than a century of knowledge many times, this simple procedure is ignored by the many senior staff. The simple procedure of hand washing is the best prayer in prevention of infections in a hospital, continues to be the best remedy in reducing the hospital acquired...

Technically, biofilms are a conglomeration of bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, debris, or corrosion products embedded in a self-produced and secreted matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The EPS can be composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Essentially, biofilm may form when bacteria adhere to surfaces in aqueous environments and begin to excrete EPS, a slimy, glue-like substance that can anchor them to all kinds of material - such as metals, plastics, soil particles, medical implant materials, and tissue. Once anchored to a surface, biofilm microorganisms carry out a variety of detrimental or beneficial reactions (by human standards), depending on the...

Misti dahi or sweet curd is an indigenous (India based) sweetened fermented milk product popular in the eastern parts of the India, particularly, in the district of West Bengal. Because of its brown colour as a result of caramelization of sugar during heating, it is also called Lal Doi. The misti dahi is mainly produced on a domestic scale. But the potential for its adoption on an industrial scale is very bright. At present no legal standards are available for the product. The recipe for misti dahi is as follows. Method of manufacture - Good quality cow milk or buffalo milk selected on the basis of organoleptic properties and acidity is standardized to 3.5% fat and 9.0% SNF. - The standardized milk...

As already seen in “Principles of Microscopes and Microscopy (Part I)”, light microscopy can be divided into six sub-categories: bright field microscopy, dark field microscopy, ultraviolet microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, phase contrast microscopy and differential interference contrast (D.I.C). The so-called ultraviolet microscopy uses ultraviolet light instead of white, common, light, or visible light, as the light source. The ultraviolet light has a wavelength of 180 to 400 nm, much smaller than the visible light, whose wavelength is from 400 to 700 nm. And the advantage is? Let’s recap how the resolution power is calculated: Resolution power = light wavelength / NA objective + NA...

Most of us would love to look as we did in our teens with that youthful glow, beautiful hair, smooth skin and not to mention the incredible amount of energy we possessed. Many of us spend a fortune on expensive creams, lotions and spa treatments to maintain our youth. Fortunately, nature has provided us with foods that can prevent premature aging and keep us looking younger for longer! We do not need to spend a fortune and all we got to do is pay a visit to our local grocery store (also know as the local beauty store!) and eat ourselves younger. Here is a list of some super anti-aging foods that we can get from our local beauty (grocery) store: Dark Chocolate: Rich with flavonol anti-oxidants, not...