Ethnography Focused on the Communicative Practices in the Field of Biology

I conducted research uncovering the types ofand why.
communication strategies and research practices"Communication in genetics is a practice that involves
performed in the teaching of biology science. Thewriting research papers for publication, attending
teaching of science can be very different from thescientific conferences and seminars, participating on
teaching of other main subjects, such as history,review panels, and collaborating with other geneticists
English, and math. Science requires more hands-onthrough informal communication" (A Guide to
and demonstration work in order to fully grasp theCommunication Practice in Genetics). In the field of
material being offered. Biology, the study of livingbiology, publishing scientific journals is the most
organisms, uses various communicative practices tosignificant way to record research and share with
help its audience understand the subject. The fieldother scientists. "Journals are the main way for
works better in a lab based environment, deliveringgeneticists to publish their research and attain credit
information through text books and lab manuals, usingfor their discoveries" (A Guide to Communication
visual aids, conducting group activities, and otherPractice in Genetics). A practitioner's main audience,
successful communication practices. The following is atherefore, are other practitioners researching the
detailed list of the strategies used in the field ofsame subject or study. They are publishing their
biology. All of these practices affect its audience inresearch to compare with other findings.
many ways.Practitioner's rely heavily on scientific research and
Facilitiesconduct most of it physically in a lab. The field's
When I took biology a year ago, material wasresearch types consist of stem cell research, cardiac
presented in a lab environment with the use offunction and dysfunction, embryo development,
biology text books and lab manuals. As a student,animal evolution, and several other forms. Most of
you were required to have safety goggles, latextheir research is funded by research grants or even
gloves, lab books to record findings, and to dressscholarships for students. A few foundations that
appropriately in order to participate in the field. Therelate to biology research are the Wadsworth
laboratory I participated in was extremely spacious.Foundation, Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation,
My classmates and I performed experiments on talland the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences
work stations that had a lot of room to operate on.Research Council. Proposals play a significant role in
Much of the work was done standing up, so thehelping practitioners receive funding because of the
height of the tables was convenient. The workhigh demand for scientific funding.
stations were arranged in rows rather than spreadReflection on Findings
out around the room; each row fitting approximatelyThe scientific field of biology uses many different
four students on each side. The appearance of thecommunicative and research practices to help inform
facility tells students and other audience membersits audience of students, related practitioners, and
that the field requires hands-on and experimentalthe public itself.
work in order to convey information. The field,When researching facilities, I found the field works
contrary to sitting and listening, relies heavily onbetter in an open lab environment. When I took
participation.biology, I knew I wouldn't have fully understood the
Classroom Communicationinformation unless I participated in a lab. This made it
My biology class was separated into two parts:easier to comprehend and practice what was
lecture and lab. The field focuses highly on thepresented during class. When talking to other
laboratory side, but also highlights key points duringstudents who took biology, their classes were run
lecture in order for students to have a betterthe same in a similar environment. This type of
understanding before conducting experiments.facility, along with the use of text books and various
"Students will learn best if they are actively engagedlab artifacts, stands as a very accurate approach to
and if their activities are closely linked tounderstanding the field.
understanding important biological concepts"(Doherty,The field offered various types of classroom
2009). Information is presented through lectures andcommunication methods. They ranged from class
PowerPoint presentations and then gets the audiencePowerPoint lectures to conducting lab experiments. I
involved by presenting in a lab environment.wasn't surprised to learn how students work better
Demonstrations are conducted followed by studentwhen they are actively engaging. During my biology
interactions. In my class, we were given a list ofclass, I found myself more drawn to the material
objectives and were shown what to do by thewhen I could participate. According to Moore, she felt
professor. After the demonstration and briefing, wethe "hands-on" approach was better favored as well
then performed the assigned experiments bywhen attempting to convey scientific information.
ourselves; using the knowledge we gained in classWhen presenting lectures, PowerPoint presentations
lecture to assist us. Experiments ranged fromwere hooked up to the class overhead and shown to
dissecting fetal pigs to examining plant cells.a larger class. This made it easier than lecturing during
A significant communication method in the field is thelab where several distractions could be present.
instructor consistently asking questions. I found thisBiology practitioners conduct a heavy amount of
to be very common in my biology class because myresearch. In a way, conducting research is their
classmates and I were always waiting for anothernumber one priority so they can be able to present
question. "Questions reveal misconceptions andcertain material to their intended audience. Some
misunderstandings that must be addressed to moveways in which biologists communicate research is
student thinking forward. Questions challengethrough scientific journals, seminars, and research
students' thinking, leading them to insights andproposals. These are very accurate ways in delivering
discoveries of their own" (Allen, 2002). Along withinformation to the public and other practitioners.
lectures and experiments, papers were also assigned."Although experiments and new discoveries are
The premise of these papers was to research certainimportant parts of geneticists' work, their research is
scientific procedures and understand how it relates touseless to society unless it is communicated to other
what's being learned in the classroom.people" (A Guide to Communication Practice in
My biology lecture class was large with approximatelyGenetics). It is extremely important for biologists to
four-hundred students. When we broke up into lab,record and inform others of their findings. Other
the size reduced considerably. There were aroundscientist's research can then be used to assist
fourteen or fifteen students in my lab class with aadditional research, resulting in more significant
mix in gender and race. I was able to conduct anfindings. Research proposals are extremely important
interview on Stacey Moore, a family friend who wasfor funding purposes. "Research proposals are
a biology instructor for sixteen years in Virginiareviewed at review panels of funding agencies...and
Beach, VA. "When I used lectures, I wanted toare important in deciding which research project is
create more class discussion rather than just writingimportant enough to be funded so that money is not
down the notes and moving on. I wanted mywasted" (A Guide to Communication Practice in
students to fully remember the information so theyGenetics). Therefore, it is important for practitioners
wouldn't feel lost when it came to lab participation,"to draw up persuasive proposals to obtain the
said Moore. "I always aim to ask questions to keepfunding they need.
their attention. And sometimes by doing that, theyConclusion
ask questions back to me they never would haveThe field of biology brings many communicative
thought of if I didn't ask the question in the firststrategies together to convey information as best it
place." According to Moore, she encourages strongcan to its intended audience. The field operates in a
note taking if you're studying within the field, and tolaboratory environment and truly emphasizes the
use visual aids whenever possible. You have to be"hands-on" approach to students learning the material.
well aware of the description and look of a part ofConducting research is critically important to
animal before you experiment on it.practitioners of the field as well as communicating
Research Practicesthat research to other scientists and society. The
I researched the importance of genetics, a branch ofscience of biology is important to our world, and the
biology dealing with the science of genes, and howway it presents information is helpful to its audience.
the field's research is communicated to other people